1) The work of automatically dividing a wide and complex geospatial area or even a complete watershed into repeatable and geomorphically consistent topographic units is still in the stage of theoretical concept, and there are great challenges in practical operation. Terrain unit is a further subdivision of topography and geomorphology, which can ensure the maximum uniformity of geomorphic features in slope unit and the maximum heterogeneity between different units. It is suitable for geomorphic or hydrological modeling, landslide detection in remote sensing images, landslide sensitivity analysis and geological disaster risk assessment. 2) Slope unit is an important type of topographic unit. Slope unit is defined as the area surrounded by watershed and catchment line. In fact, the area surrounded by watershed and catchment line is often multiple slopes or even a small watershed. Theoretically, each slope unit needs to ensure the maximum internal homogeneity and the maximum heterogeneity between different units. The slope unit is an area with obviously different topographic characteristics from the adjacent area. These topographic characteristics can be based on the characteristics of catchment or drainage boundary, slope and slope direction, such as ridge line, valley line, platform boundary, valley bottom boundary and other geomorphic boundaries. According to the high-precision digital elevation model, the slope unit with appropriate scale and quality can be drawn manually, but the manual drawing method is time-consuming and error prone. The quality of the divided slope unit depends on the subjective experience of experts, which is suitable for small-scale areas and has no wide and universal application value. Aiming at the gap in practical operation in this field, we propose an innovative modeling software system to realize the optimal division of slope units. Automatic division system of slope unit based on confluence analysis and slope direction division v1 0, written in Python programming language, runs and calculates as the grass GIS interpolation module, and realizes the automatic division of slope units in a given digital elevation data and a set of predefined parameters. 4) Based on python programming language, the code is flexible and changeable, which is suitable for scientific personnel with different professional knowledge to make a wide range of customization and personalized customization. In addition, the software can provide high-quality slope unit division results, reflect the main geomorphic characteristics of the region, and provide a based evaluation unit for fine landslide disaster evaluation and prediction. It can serve regional land use planning, disaster risk assessment and management, disaster emergency response under extreme induced events (earthquake or rainfall, etc.), and has great practical guiding significance for the selection of landslide monitoring equipment and the reasonable and effective layout and operation of early warning network. It can be popularized and applied in areas with serious landslide development.
YANG Zhongkang
1) Data content: ① indoor static tension video, infrared monitoring video and static tension analysis data chart of giant NPR anchor cable; ② Indoor dynamic impact video of giant NPR anchor cable; 2) Data sources: the static tension process, infrared monitoring and dynamic impact process of indoor giant NPR anchor cable were recorded, and the static tension data were imported into Origin Software for data processing and analysis; 4) Through the indoor static tension and dynamic impact tests on the giant NPR anchor cable, the supernormal mechanical properties of the giant NPR anchor cable are obtained, which can provide supporting materials for the prevention and control of slope disasters in fault zone, early warning monitoring and cross fault tunnel prevention.
TAO Zhigang
The data set records the statistical data of fire accidents in Qinghai Province from 1998 to 2010, which are divided by industry, region, affiliation and registration type. The data are collected from the statistical yearbook of Qinghai Province issued by the Bureau of statistics of Qinghai Province. The data set consists of 13 tables Fire accident 2001.xls Fire accident 2006.xls Fire accident 2007.xls Fire accident 2008.xls Fire accident 2009.xls Fire accident 2010.xls Fire accident 1998.xls Fire accident 1999.xls Fire accident 2000.xls Fire accident 2002.xls Fire accident 2004.xls Fire accident 2006.xls Fire accident 2003.xls The data table structure is the same. For example, there are six fields in the data table of fire accidents in 2001 Field 1: Category Field 2: number of fires Field 3: number of deaths Field 4: number of injured persons Field 5: loss converted into RMB 10000 Field 6: cause of fire
Qinghai Provincial Bureau of Statistics
This data includes two standards: the data resource construction specification and the metadata specification for the scientific investigation of geological and geographical environment and disaster risk in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. According to the opinions of the general office of the CPC Central Committee and the general office of the State Council on strengthening the development and utilization of information resources, the archives law of the people's Republic of China, the measures for the management of scientific data, and the outline for the construction of the platform for the basic conditions of science and technology, and in combination with the characteristics of the contents and achievements of task 9 scientific investigation, In order to facilitate the collection and sharing of scientific research data, realize simple and efficient management of complex project achievement data, and better protect the intellectual property rights of data resource producers, the metadata content standard framework and resource construction specification of task 9 of the second comprehensive scientific investigation on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau are formulated. In order to better serve the project itself, we should ensure the standardization and standardization of the data of each subject.
YANG Yaping
Data content: Basic data of the Baige landslide dam Data source: literature search, field investigation (Baige dam site), institutional investigation (Ganzi Hydrological Bureau, Chengdu survey, design and Research Institute). Collection method: use camera to take site photos during field investigation; Consult the collection materials of relevant institutions to obtain the basic data of Baige weir plug dam. Data quality description: detailed hydrological data were obtained through institutional investigation, including the data of Batang and Gangtuo hydrological stations and the changes of water level and flow in front of the dam in Ganzi Hydrological Bureau. These data will provide important theoretical basis and reference for further analysis of outburst flood in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.
ZHANG Xinhua
Data content: Investigation report on the impact of the discharge flood of the "11.3" Baige landslide-damming lake on the downstream area of the Jinsha River Data source: field survey (route: from the junction of the Baqu River (also known as the Bachu River) in Batang County to the reservoir area of Liyuan reservoir). Data quality description: the disaster situation in the lower reaches of Jinsha River was analyzed from three aspects: damaged bridges, damaged towns (hydrological stations) and ancient barrier lakes. For damaged bridges, record and analyze from the aspects of longitude and latitude, flood mark elevation, bridge deck elevation, bridge type, scouring and destruction, etc were conducted; For damaged towns and hydrologic stations, record and analyze the damage on both banks of the river through visit and investigation were conducted; For the ancient barrier lake, combined with the field investigation and Google Earth map, the formation process of the ancient barrier lake was deduced; For the grading map of pebble and sediment particle size taken by the camera, the pebble particle size in the typical area is generalized into ellipse, and the generalized particle size of pebbles with different sizes was extracted. Finally, the pebble particle size grading curve can be drawn.
ZHANG Xinhua
Data content: spatial distribution, development mechanism and point database of river-blocking landslide in the Three Rivers region Collection scheme: First carry out Google Earth remote sensing interpretation, then carry out field verification and improve the interpretation signs in combination with field verification. Then carry out detailed interpretation, and collect the scale and geomorphic data including landslide source area, movement area and accumulation area. Then study and analyze the typical cases of river-blocking landslide, This reveals the engineering geological classification and genetic mechanism of river-blocking landslide in the Three Rivers rigion. Collection location: Sanjiang area of Qinghai Tibet Plateau and Sichuan University Collection time: October 1, 2018 to October 31, 2021
DENG Jianhui , ZHAO Siyuan
Data content: Monitoring of seepage infiltration line and analysis of seepage infiltration degree of dam break Data source: the data collection place is Sichuan. The experimental analysis was mainly completed in Sichuan University and Chengdu Ruyi Instrument Co., Ltd. The instruments used included high-speed camera, wave altimeter, electronic pressure measuring tube, pressure sensor, mechanical timer, etc. The collection time is 2021. Acquisition method: according to the indoor test, observe the evolution process of seepage development in the process of dam break of weir plug dam through electronic piezometer, pressure sensor and high-speed camera. Data quality description: carry out the stability model test of dam with different structures, and carry out the indoor test. According to the grading requirements of 14 working conditions, pile the dam body on the bottom plate of the water tank, and arrange multiple cameras to observe. During the process of clean water flowing into the water tank to wash the dam until the end of dam break, observe the coordinates of the infiltration process, and record the change process of the infiltration coordinates with time.
NIU Zhipan
1) In recent years, with the global climate change, coupled with the internal dynamic disturbance and strong tectonic uplift, mountain disasters and floods in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau occur frequently, which poses a great threat to rural settlements in mountainous areas. Village disaster vulnerability and comprehensive risk prevention ability have gradually become an important topic of rural disaster prevention and reduction. 2) This data comes from a random questionnaire survey conducted from June to September 2021 in tuomai village, Lang Town, Lang County, Nyingchi City, Bangna village, Linzhi Town, Bayi District, xuewaka village, Gu township, Bomi County, Beibeng village, Beibeng Township, Motuo County, Xueni village, zhuwagen Town, Chayu County, Ranwu village, Ranwu Town, Basu County, Qamdo city and Zhuba village, Baima Town, Basu county, And the respondents are mainly adults familiar with family conditions. 3) Based on the principles of scientificity, applicability, feasibility, typicality and specificity, the questionnaire is designed for the individual villages around the Himalayas on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. In order to ensure the reliability and validity of the design content of the questionnaire, a pre survey was conducted before the formal survey to further modify and improve the questionnaire. Before the formal start of the questionnaire survey, the investigators were explained the contents of the questionnaire and trained in survey skills. 4) A total of 231 questionnaires were completed, including 35 in tuomai village, 24 in Bangna village, 21 in xuewaka village, 38 in Beibeng village, 16 in Xueni village, 72 in Ranwu village and 25 in Zhuba village. The effective rate of the questionnaire was 98.6%.
ZHOU Qiang, CHEN Ruishan , LIU Fenggui, LI Wanzhi , LI Shengmei , CHEN Qiong, GAO Haixin
Data content: statistical analysis data of characteristic laws of large-scale landslide dams based on 1230 worldwide cases Data source: a large database containing 1230 dam cases around the world based on literature retrieval. Collection method: statistical analysis of the basic characteristics of landslide dam database through Excel, origin and other data analysis software and drawing software. Data quality description: Based on the established large-scale dam database, the distribution, inducement, service life, shape, collapse and other characteristics of dams at home and abroad were statistically analyzed. The correlation analysis of some characteristics was carried out, such as the correlation analysis of geological causes and service life of landslide dam, the correlation analysis of inducing factors and geological causes of landslide dam.
ZHANG Xinhua
Data content: A large database of 1230 worldwide dam cases Data source: through literature search, classification, consolidation and compilation. Data quality description: classify and sort out the historical cases of weir plug dam from two aspects: qualitative description and quantitative description. The qualitative description includes the country, the name of the dam, the formation time, the type of landslide, the inducing factors, the type of dam body, the mechanism of collapse, etc; Quantitative description includes landslide volume, dam volume, dam height, dam length, dam width, barrier lake length, barrier lake volume, barrier dam life, breach depth, breach top width, breach bottom width, breach time, peak flow, casualties, etc.
ZHANG Xinhua
Data content: this data used the open source code ESYS-Particle to simulate the interaction between debris flow and slit dam Data source: this numerical simulation data was collected and recorded by computer software (using open source code ESYS-Particle). Data quality description: the data were mainly images and video GIF files, which were processed by video editing and image processing software. Data application: four basic interaction stages of debris flow impacting slit dam were revealed: initial impact stage, uplift stage, accumulation stage and deposition stage. The interception efficiency of slit dam with different relative column spacing to particles of different shapes was analyzed.
XU Nuwen
Data content: permeability and permeability stability test data of soil materials with different dry densities Data source: the test data orginated from each piezometer, osmometer, stopwatch and measuring cylinder. All instruments are submitted for inspection every year. Collection location and method: seepage Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Water Sciences. Test the dry density according to the gradation and sample preparation thickness. Collection time: August 1, 2020 to August 20, 2020 Data quality description: through the permeability and permeability stability test of piping soil material under different density and grading, the data content includes seepage flow, water head and time. The test data come from various pressure measuring tubes, osmometers, stopwatches and measuring cylinders, which were submitted for inspection every year.
XIE Dingsong
Content: Flow variation data of fine material dam break Data source: the test data are from the dam-breach model test of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Collection location and method: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research. Collect and monitor various data through physical model test. Data quality description: the purpose of this test was to simulate the permeable piping dam break of the dam body, monitor the whole process of the break, and analyze the occurrence and development process of the break. The dam break mode of this test was the dam body permeable piping dam break. The initial piping position was located in the middle of the left side of the dam body. When piping occurs, the water storage height in the model reservoir was 4.6m and the water surface was 0.4m from the dam crest. The dam break process can be divided into seven stages.
XIE Dingsong
Data content: Calculation and numerical model of overtopping dam failure of landslide dam established based on the breach mechanism (taking the Baige landslide as an example) Data source: numerical model based on Visual Studio code platform. Collection method: Based on the basic parameters of Baige landslide dam, calculation was carried out through the established model. Data quality description: firstly, the dam-break models proposed by previous scholars were compared and analyzed, and then the input parameters required by the Baige dam-break numerical model were substituted for calculation according to the actual Baige dam break process. The breach process simulation of the Baige landslide dam was obtained, and the simulation results were compared with the actual process for verification.
ZHANG Xinhua
Data content: Calculation data of bank slope scouring in the lower reaches of the Baige landslide based on flood routing model Data source: Taking the river range of 225 km downstream of Baige dam as the research object, the calculation was based on the constructed flood routing model. Collection method: visit and investigate the disaster situation on the left bank of Zhubalong section of Jinsha River. In order to compare and analyze with the actual investigation results, the 2km section from old bridge at Zhubalong in the Jinsha River to Zhubalong bridge along G318 national highway was intercepted to analyze its flood inundation and riverbed evolution process. Data quality description: Taking the 0-225km long river channel downstream of the Baige barrier lake dam site of Jinsha River as the research area, the routing process of dam break flood is simulated by using the subsection routing method. Through the measured hydrological data of hydrological stations in different river sections, the roughness coefficient of corresponding river sections is calibrated, and the flood routing process of each river section is obtained. On this basis, the 2km section from Zhubalong old bridge on Jinsha River to Zhubalong bridge on G318 national highway is intercepted, and its flood inundation and riverbed evolution process are analyzed. Taking the damaged highway and house scouring erosion from the confluence of Bachu River to Zhubalong section as an example, the analysis, calculation and verification are carried out.
ZHANG Xinhua
Data content: Damage calculation data of the Zhubalong Bridge Data source: calculation based on the established flood routing model. Collection method: comprehensive analysis through field investigation, literature retrieval and numerical model simulation. Data quality description: by constructing a two-dimensional dam break flood routing calculation model, the flood routing process after the dam break of Baige barrier lake on the "11.03" Jinsha River was simulated. Taking the Zhubalong Bridge in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River as the research object, the damage process of the bridge was explored based on the balance relationship between structural resistance and mountain flood damage force. The damage process of the Zhubalong Bridge in the process of flood routing was clarified, and the calculation formula for estimating the disaster water level of the bridge was obtained.
ZHANG Xinhua
The data set uses the multi disaster risk assessment model for livestock in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (Ye et al. 2019) to simulate the livestock deaths caused by the comprehensive superposition impact of multiple disasters on livestock, such as winter snow disaster, strong wind, low temperature, high altitude hypoxia and summer drought, and evaluate the expected annual deaths. The data can provide information on the death risk of multi disaster livestock around the Himalayas and the Asian water tower area. The data comes from China Meteorological science data sharing service system cn05 1. National Qinghai Tibet Plateau data center, Qinghai Tibet Plateau multi-source remote sensing synthetic 1km snow cover data set (1995-2018), mod13q1.006 vegetation index data, SRTM 1 arc second global elevation data.
YE Tao
Data content: permeability and permeability stability test data of soil materials with different fine particle amounts Data source: through the seepage and seepage stability test of piping soil material under different density and grading, the data content includes seepage flow, water head and time. Collection location and method: seepage Laboratory of Chinese Academy of water sciences. Test the dry density according to the gradation and sample preparation thickness. Collection time: August 1, 2020 to August 20, 2020 Data quality description: the test data are from various pressure measuring tubes, osmometers, stopwatches and measuring cylinders, and all instruments are submitted for inspection every year.
XIE Dingsong
Based on the concept of Height Above Nearest Drainage ( HAND ) derived from the international digital elevation model, the HAND model was used to identify the flooded area, and the spatial distribution of flood hazard level in the flood area of the study area was established. Flood hazard in the study area is divided into 1-5 grades, of which 5 represent very high risk, 4 represent high risk, 3 represent medium risk, 2 represent low risk, 1 represent very low risk.
CHEN Bo
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